How Other Countries Are Fighting Food Waste

Food waste remains one of today’s biggest challenges. Despite producing enough food to feed the global population, a significant portion of it never gets consumed. The impact is felt on multiple levels, from economic losses and wasted resources to negative environmental effects.

In response to this reality, several countries have chosen to adopt concrete measures. Through clear public policies and well-calibrated legislative interventions, they have managed to reduce waste and transform food systems into more efficient and responsible ones.

Here are some examples that can inspire other nations in their efforts to better utilize the food produced.

South Korea: Pay for What You Throw Away

One of the most effective measures comes from South Korea. Since 2013, residents of Seoul have been required to pay for the amount of food waste they generate. The system was later expanded across the entire country.

Food scraps are collected in special bags and weighed, the cost is calculated based on the weight. This measure has led to a significant reduction in waste, and the collected waste is then converted into compost or biogas.

France: Supermarkets Can No Longer Throw Food Away

In 2016, France became the first country to ban large supermarkets from throwing away edible food. Instead of ending up in the trash, these food items are now redirected to charitable organizations or food banks.

The law provides sanctions for stores that fail to donate edible food but also offers tax incentives for those who choose to contribute.

Italy: Less Bureaucracy, More Donations

Italy approached the issue from a different perspective: reducing bureaucratic obstacles for those wanting to donate food. Through a law passed in 2016, companies can donate food products without complicated administrative processes and, at the same time, benefit from tax deductions.

For example, restaurants, canteens, or supermarkets can donate food close to its expiration date without the risk of penalties, as long as it’s still safe for consumption.

China: Less Social Pressure, More Responsibility

In recent years, a new type of waste has emerged in China: the kind spurred by online trends or social habits. "Who can eat the most" contests or viral videos featuring huge meals have normalized excess.

In response, a law was passed in 2021 that bans the promotion of excessive eating and requires restaurants to encourage customers to order responsibly.

Establishments that indirectly encourage waste, such as suggesting larger portions than necessary, can receive warnings or fines of up to €1,500.

A Direction to Follow

The experiences of these countries show that food waste can be reduced when there is political will, clear regulations, and genuine collaboration between authorities, the private sector, and civil society. Whether through punitive measures, tax incentives, or educational campaigns, what unites them is the common goal: reducing losses and using resources responsibly.

Romania has the opportunity to learn from these models and adapt policies to the local reality. Change doesn’t happen overnight, but it starts with concrete steps and a vision that places respect for food and the effort behind it at the center.